The Social Dilemma · 2020 — 第 9 / 14 章 · 3'00" · C1

研究稱假新聞快六倍:tilt the floor

有人說,推特上的假新聞比真新聞快六倍;這套系統像把人類行為的地面弄斜——tilt the floor(讓條件悄悄傾斜),讓某些行為更省力。假資訊比真相更賺錢,這套 disinformation-for-profit(靠虛假資訊盈利)的生意,值得每個刷手機的人聽懂。

發生了什麼

一項麻省理工研究說,推特上的假新聞比真新聞快六倍。有人把系統比作被弄斜的地面——tilt the floor(讓條件悄悄傾斜),讓某些行為更省力;還說這套系統 biases towards(系統性地偏向)虛假資訊,因為假資訊比真相更賺錢。於是有了 disinformation-for-profit(靠虛假資訊盈利)這種模式。新聞片段裡,謠言從喝水防病毒傳到 5G,甚至有人 blowing up(炸燬)訊號塔。想聊演算法、謠言和流量生意,這幾句都能直接用。

表达 · 演讲动员解释警告C1中速美音
IMDb ↗

這場戲看什麼

  • 留意受訪者怎樣用比喻講機制
  • 注意謠言清單的並列與重複
  • 看資料與個案怎樣交替推進

留意這幾個短語

tilt the floorbiases towardsdisinformation-for-profitblowing up

00:00 / 03:00
空白鍵 播放 · ← → 換句 · R 單句循環
此刻
點一句台詞就從那裡放

本章短語

tilt the floor

讓條件悄悄傾斜quietly bias the conditions

受訪者邊找詞邊打比方:tilt the floor 就像把人類行為的地面弄斜,讓某些行為更省力,也讓另一條路更難走。

The new ranking system can tilt the floor toward outrage.新的排序機制可能悄悄讓人更容易滑向憤怒的內容。

本章還有

  • biases towards

    系統性地偏向

  • disinformation-for-profit

    靠虛假資訊盈利

  • blowing up

    炸燬

  • this shit

    這破事,這套鬼東西

  • a matter of life and death

    生死攸關的事

本章全部批註

39 句台詞裡標了 27 處

短語 · B1fake news

假新聞

There's a study, an MIT study, that fake news on Twitter spreads six times faster than true news.
短語 · B1X times faster than Y

比…快六倍

There's a study, an MIT study, that fake news on Twitter spreads six times faster than true news.
發音six times faster

six 和 fast- 各落一個重音,times 的 /aɪ/ 壓短、尾 /z/ 輕收;six 的 /ks/ 咬清,fast- 拉長,-er 快速收尾。

There's a study, an MIT study, that fake news on Twitter spreads six times faster than true news.
短語 · B2a ...-times advantage

六倍優勢

What is that world gonna look like when one has a six-times advantage to the other one?
俚語 · A2gonna

將要——口語和字幕常見;正式寫作別用。

What is that world gonna look like when one has a six-times advantage to the other one?
短語 · C1at scale

在大規模層面

And you're always free to walk up the hill, but fewer people do, and so, at scale, at society's scale,
發音at scale

at 的 /t/ 只輕觸上齦,常弱化為 /ət/,scale 的 /skeɪl/ 拉長承重;at 與 scale 之間不停頓,重音全給 scale。

And you're always free to walk up the hill, but fewer people do, and so, at scale, at society's scale,
短語 · B2change what people think and do

改變人們的想法與行為

you really are just tilting the floor and changing what billions of people think and do.
短語 · B2false information

不實資訊

We've created a system that biases towards false information.
語法 · B2a system that biases towards false information

定語從句:that 從句修飾 system,說明系統偏向哪邊;不是兩個並列動作。

We've created a system that biases towards false information.
短語 · B1business model

商業模式

It's a disinformation-for-profit business model.
短語 · C1unregulated messages

不受監管的資訊

You make money the more you allow unregulated messages to reach anyone for the best price.
語法 · C1The more they talk about it and the more they divide us, the more they have the power

比較級疊用:前兩個 the more 表條件,後一個表結果:越談、越分裂,權力越大。

The more they talk about it and the more they divide us, the more they have the power, the more...
短語 · C1a flow of misinformation

虛假資訊流

There's a flow of misinformation online about the virus.
短語 · B2flush something from your system

把冠狀病毒衝出體內

The notion drinking water will flush coronavirus from your system is one of several myths about the virus circulating on social media.
短語 · B2circulate on social media

在社交媒體上流傳

The notion drinking water will flush coronavirus from your system is one of several myths about the virus circulating on social media.
語法 · C1The notion drinking water will flush coronavirus from your system

同位語從句:drinking water... 解釋 notion 的內容,that 被省掉;別把它當主語。

The notion drinking water will flush coronavirus from your system is one of several myths about the virus circulating on social media.
俚語 · B2this shit

這破事——熟人之間發洩用;正式場合別說。

I think the US government started this shit.
短語 · B2use something as an excuse

把新冠當成藉口

Maybe the government is using the coronavirus as an excuse to get everyone to stay inside because something else is happening.
短語 · C1be bombarded with something

被謠言轟炸

We're being bombarded with rumors.
短語 · B2conspiracy theories

陰謀論

We see Russia and China spreading rumors and conspiracy theories.
語法 · B2see Russia and China spreading rumors

感官動詞結構:see + 賓語 + doing,強調看見動作正在發生;不是‘看見’就結束。

We see Russia and China spreading rumors and conspiracy theories.
短語 · B1something like + number

大約(某個數字)

Those sources that are spreading coronavirus misinformation have amassed something like 52 million engagements.
短語 · C1test something on a strain

針對此毒株做過測試

Well, let's say it hasn't been tested on this strain of the coronavirus, but...
短語 · B2an extreme version of something

極端版本

What we're seeing with COVID is just an extreme version of what's happening across our information ecosystem.
短語 · B2no matter what + noun

無論什麼議題

Social media amplifies exponential gossip and exponential hearsay to the point that we don't know what's true, no matter what issue we care about.
發音what issue

what 的尾 /t/ 滑進 issue 的 /ɪ/,常連成 /wʌtɪʃuː/;舌尖輕彈後立刻接上,what 別單獨收死。

Social media amplifies exponential gossip and exponential hearsay to the point that we don't know what's true, no matter what issue we care about.

看懂「研究稱假新聞快六倍」

發音重點

  • six times faster — six 和 fast- 各落一個重音,times 的 /aɪ/ 壓短、尾 /z/ 輕收;six 的 /ks/ 咬清,fast- 拉長,-er 快速收尾。
  • at scale — at 的 /t/ 只輕觸上齦,常弱化為 /ət/,scale 的 /skeɪl/ 拉長承重;at 與 scale 之間不停頓,重音全給 scale。
  • what issue — what 的尾 /t/ 滑進 issue 的 /ɪ/,常連成 /wʌtɪʃuː/;舌尖輕彈後立刻接上,what 別單獨收死。
There's a study, an MIT study, that fake news on Twitter spreads six times faster than true news.

有一項研究,一項MIT研究,說推特上的假新聞傳播速度是真新聞的六倍。 用一項具體研究把抽象危機壓成六倍差距,數字一齣口就讓人記住。

We've created a system that biases towards false information.

我們創造了一個偏向虛假資訊的系統。 把責任從個人挪到系統,biases towards 一詞點明結構性偏向。

It's a disinformation-for-profit business model.

這是一個靠虛假資訊盈利的商業模式。 連字元造詞,把謊言與盈利焊在一起,冷峻又刺耳。

People have no idea what's true, and now it's a matter of life and death.

人們根本不知道什麼是真的,而現在這已是生死攸關的事。 從認知混亂推到生死後果,兩個分句把代價說透。

Social media amplifies exponential gossip and exponential hearsay to the point that we don't know what's true, no matter what issue we care about.

社交媒體放大呈指數級增長的八卦和傳聞,到了我們分不清真假的地步,無論我們關心的是什麼議題。 重複 exponential 把傳播速度推成壓迫感,結尾 no matter 擴大範圍。

關於這一章的問題

tilt the floor 是什麼意思?

tilt the floor 字面是「把地面弄斜」,意思是「讓條件悄悄傾斜」:它改變條件,讓某些行為更容易、某些更難;臺詞說人仍可往坡上走,但這樣做的人更少。

「系統性地偏向」英語怎麼說?

用 biases towards。臺詞裡說 We've created a system that biases towards false information,意思是我們造出的系統會系統性地偏向虛假資訊。

disinformation-for-profit 指的是什麼?

指靠虛假資訊盈利。臺詞把它稱為 a disinformation-for-profit business model,並說假資訊比真相更能讓公司賺錢,真相太無聊。

blowing up 在這裡是「爆炸」還是「炸燬」?

這裡指炸燬。臺詞說 People are blowing up actual physical cell phone towers,也就是有人真的去炸手機訊號塔,不只是說發生了爆炸。

「生死攸關的事」用英語怎麼講?

說 a matter of life and death,也就是「生死攸關的事」。臺詞用 People have no idea what's true, and now it's a matter of life and death 說明分不清真假已經關乎生死。

監視資本主義:智慧陷阱 · 共 14 章

全部章節 →
看到第 9 / 14 章 · 後面還有約 13 分鐘