取代；頂替
開場講者把科學擺到上帝的位置，說它像是已經取代了舊日信仰；語氣剋制，卻先把整個論證的衝突點挑明，讓聽眾馬上感到這場講座要拆東西。
In a way, in our contemporary world view, It's easy to think that science has come to take the place of God.Waking Life · 2001 — 第 5 / 13 章 · 3'16" · C1
獨白追問自由意志：charade
一段關於自由意志的獨白：有人先說科學似乎已經 take the place of（取代）上帝；再往下，連我們做的選擇都可能只是一場 charade（裝樣子）。當論證走到量子粒子冷不丁偏移，自由似乎更沒著落。想聊選擇、聊責任，這幾句都能直接搬。
發生了什麼
一段關於自由意志的獨白，把科學、物理規律和責任串成一條線：有人先說，科學似乎已經 take the place of（取代）上帝，可哲學問題並沒有變輕。接著他追問，如果物理定律支配每個物體，人的選擇會不會只是 charade（裝樣子）？講到量子粒子冷不丁偏移，論證又拐回責任：只有 of your own free will（出於自願）做的事，才談得上負責。想聊選擇、責任和科學，這些說法都能直接搬進日常討論。
這場戲看什麼
- 留意講者先立論再自拆
- 注意 you 怎樣把聽眾拉進論證
- 盯住 room 從空間變成抽象餘地
留意這幾個短語
take the place ofas troubling as evergovern the behavior ofof your own free will
00:00 / 03:16空白鍵 播放 · ← → 換句 · R 單句循環
此刻
本章短語
charade
裝樣子；假戲a pretence, a false show
講者把自由選擇的日常感覺一把扯開，說它可能只是一場演給觀眾看的假戲；語氣冷，帶一點嘲諷，讓你開始懷疑自己剛才那點“我在選”的踏實感。
The consultation was a charade; the decision had already been made.那次諮詢只是裝樣子；決定早就做好了。
本章還有
- take the place of
取代；頂替
- as troubling as ever
依舊同樣令人不安
- govern the behavior of
支配…的行為
- of your own free will
出於自願
- out of the blue
毫無預兆地
本章全部批註
55 句台詞裡標了 26 處
In a 快讀連成一團，重音落在 way 上
In a way, in our contemporary world view, It's easy to think that science has come to take the place of God.依舊同樣令人不安
講者先承認科學帶來巨大成就，緊接著又說哲學難題一點沒變輕；這句像給全場先壓一塊石頭，也提醒聽眾別把舊問題當成已經翻篇。
But some philosophical problems remain as troubling as ever.已經存在很久
This problem's been around for a long time, since before Aristotle in 3 50 B.C.賓語從句：worried about 後接 how 從句，說明擔心什麼；不是直接問句。
St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, these guys all worried about how we can be free...這幾位——口語指一群人，正式講歷史人物少用
St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas, these guys all worried about how we can be free...事先就知道
if God already knows in advance everything you're gonna do.將要——口語縮寫，正式寫作改用 going to
if God already knows in advance everything you're gonna do.按照…執行
Nowadays we know that the world operates according to some fundamental physical laws,支配…的行為
講者解釋物理規律不只管星球運轉，也管桌上每個物體怎麼動；語氣像在鋪一張看不見的網，先把人的行為也罩進去，再談自由還剩多少。
and these laws govern the behavior of every object in the world.是基本物理規律的例外
We're mostly water, and our behavior isn't gonna be an exception to basic physical laws.留給…的餘地
There's not a lot of room left for freedom.not a lot of 的 a 弱化為 /ə/，of 的 /v/ 輕輕帶過，整串壓低，重音留給 freedom
There's not a lot of room left for freedom.明擺著擺在眼前，躲不開 字面是「盯著你的臉」，這裡指問題擺在眼前、躲也躲不掉。
But the question keeps staring you right in the face.由自由選擇決定
Who you are is mostly a matter of the free choices that you make.被認定要負責
Or take responsibility. You can only be held responsible, you can only be found guilty or admired or respected...出於自願
說到責任時，講者先把“自願”設成前提：只有自己選的事，才談得上被責備、被判有罪，或者被敬佩；這句把法律和道德的判斷都壓到同一個條件上。
for things you did of your own free will.開始顯得像
It starts to look like all your decisions are really just a charade.剩餘的…
So now it just looks like the Big Bang set up the initial conditions, and the whole rest of our history, the whole rest of human history and even before, is really just sort of the playing out of subatomic particles...長主語同位語：主語後兩個逗號間是同位語補充，真正謂語是單數 is。
So now it just looks like the Big Bang set up the initial conditions, and the whole rest of our history, the whole rest of human history and even before, is really just sort of the playing out of subatomic particles...受到威脅
We think we’re special. We think we have some kind of special dignity, but that now comes under threat.we’re 輕輕帶過，重音落在 special 上
We think we’re special. We think we have some kind of special dignity, but that now comes under threat.enough to 結構：enough 後接名詞，to know 表結果：懂得足以知道。
"I know enough contemporary physical theory to know it's not really like that.毫無預兆地
講者轉到量子粒子，說它們會毫無預兆地偏移；這裡忽然用一個口語習語，和前面連串物理術語形成落差，也把“隨機”講得像生活裡的突發事件。
It just does something out of the blue, according to a probabilistic framework.out of the 連成一團，blue 稍拉長收句
It just does something out of the blue, according to a probabilistic framework.為…騰出空間
And that means trying to solve the problem of freedom, finding room for choice and responsibility...看懂「獨白追問自由意志」
發音重點
- In a way — In a 快讀連成一團，重音落在 way 上
- not a lot of — not a lot of 的 a 弱化為 /ə/，of 的 /v/ 輕輕帶過，整串壓低，重音留給 freedom
- We think we’re — we’re 輕輕帶過，重音落在 special 上
- out of the — out of the 連成一團，blue 稍拉長收句
But some philosophical problems remain as troubling as ever.但有些哲學問題依舊同樣令人不安。 用 as...as ever 把“老問題”與“至今未解”壓進一句，短而冷。
There's not a lot of room left for freedom.留給自由的空間已經不多了。 把抽象自由寫成被擠佔的房間，room 一字讓論證有了畫面。
It starts to look like all your decisions are really just a charade.看起來你所有的決定都不過是在演戲。 charade 把自由選擇戳穿成表演，it starts to look like 留出推理過程。
We think we’re special. We think we have some kind of special dignity, but that now comes under threat.我們自認特別，自認擁有某種尊嚴，但這一點如今受到威脅。 重複 We think 先搭高臺，再用 comes under threat 一下抽走，節奏很狠。
Should our freedom just be a matter of probabilities, just some random swerving in a chaotic system?我們的自由難道只該是機率問題，只該是混沌系統裡的隨機偏移嗎？ 兩個 just 連擊，把“自由=隨機”的反問逼到荒唐邊緣，swerving 很有物理畫面。
關於這一章的問題
take the place of 是什麼意思？
是「取代、頂替」，後面接被頂替的物件。臺詞裡說科學似乎已經 take the place of 上帝，意思就是科學坐上了原本屬於上帝的位子。
「裝樣子」英語怎麼說？
可以說 charade。臺詞把人的決定說成 just a charade，意思就是像演給人看的假戲，並不是真在選擇。
out of the blue 是什麼意思？
是「毫無預兆地、突然」。臺詞說量子粒子會 out of the blue 地做出點什麼，強調隨機、無法從前因推出來，不是字面上的「從藍色裡出來」。
「出於自願」英語怎麼說？
用 of your own free will。臺詞說只有 for things you did of your own free will 才談得上負責，意思是沒人逼你、你自己願意做。
come under threat 是什麼意思？
是「受到威脅」。臺詞說我們覺得自己有某種特殊的尊嚴，但這份尊嚴現在 comes under threat，也就是開始面臨危險。
半夢半醒的人生 · 共 13 章
全部章節 →
下一章 · 第 6 章two sides of the same coin演說號召反抗控制
第 1 章on an even keel搭上小船聽人生道理
第 2 章write ourselves off有人替存在主義辯護
第 3 章at the whim of講課人把演化講成加速史
第 4 章collective memory兩人聊夢境與轉世
正在看 · 第 5 章charade獨白追問自由意志
第 6 章two sides of the same coin演說號召反抗控制
第 7 章in the middle of nowhere沙漠加油站槍戰往事
第 8 章make the best of it討教清明夢訣竅
第 9 章come out of the moment桌邊聊電影與神聖當下
第 10 章be an ant陌生人聊不想當螞蟻
第 11 章beside the point夢裡追問自己醒沒醒
第 12 章coauthors of橋上獨白談自我
第 13 章false awakenings夢裡醒來還在夢裡看到第 5 / 13 章 · 後面還有約 25 分鐘